Facts and Figures about Syria


  • The official name of the country is Syrian Arab Republic.
  • The capital city is Damascus, one of the world’s oldest continuously inhabited cities.
  • Syria covers a total area of approximately 185,180 km².
  • The population is estimated at around 22 million people, though numbers vary due to displacement.
  • The official language of Syria is Arabic.
  • Major cities include Damascus, Aleppo, Homs, Latakia, Hama, and Deir ez-Zor.
  • The national currency is the Syrian Pound (SYP).
  • Syria is located in West Asia, bordering Turkey, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, and the Mediterranean Sea.
  • Key sectors of the economy include agriculture, trade, small industries, oil and gas, and services.
  • Major agricultural products include wheat, barley, cotton, olives, citrus fruits, grapes, and livestock.
  • The highest point in Syria is Mount Hermon (Jabal al-Shaykh), at 2,814 meters above sea level.
  • Syria is home to six UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including Ancient Damascus, Aleppo, and Palmyra.
  • The population practices various religions, with the majority being Muslim, alongside Christian and Druze minorities.
  • Syria celebrates Independence Day on April 17, 1946, marking independence from the French mandate.
  • The political system is a republic, divided administratively into 14 governorates.